Post-Disaster Engineering Strategy for Anai River Debris Flow Management on Anai Valley National Road West Sumatra Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/jaets.v6i1.5845Keywords:
Debris Flow, Sediment, Mitigation, Post-Disaster ManagementAbstract
One of the causes of flash floods is eruption material from Mount Marapi that is carried downstream, disrupting transportation access and the local economy. This study aimed to design and implement an effective post-disaster engineering strategy for debris flow management in the Anai River and evaluate its long-term success. Data were collected through field observations to measure river profiles, photogrammetry, and sediment sampling. Secondary data were used to calculate rainfall intensity and flood discharge in the Anai River to plan debris flow control. The study results showed that the large catchment area and high rainfall contributed significantly to the high peak discharge. Disturbed soil samples taken from the river surface were saturated, indicating the influence of sediment from the debris flow from the eruption of Mount Marapi. The removal of material from the riverbed needs to be controlled to avoid overexploitation that could exacerbate erosion of the riverbanks, ultimately threatening bridge structures and other infrastructure along the Anai River. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to build sediment control structures such as check dams and groundsills, as well as secure riverbanks in the management of debris flows in the Anai River.
Downloads
References
Bari, F., Istijono, B., Yuhendra, R., Hakam, A., Noer, M., & Ophiyandri, T. (2023). Potential debris flow after earthquake in Mount Talamau Pasaman district and West Pasaman district. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1173(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1173/1/012069
BPBD West Sumatra Province. (2024). Disaster Report on Mount Marapi Eruption and Flash Flood in West Sumatra.
Cassidy, M., Ebmeier, S. K., Helo, C., Watt, S. F. L., Caudron, C., Odell, A., Spaans, K., Kristianto, P., Triastuty, H., Gunawan, H., & Castro, J. M. (2019). Explosive Eruptions With Little Warning: Experimental Petrology and Volcano Monitoring Observations From the 2014 Eruption of Kelud, Indonesia. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20(8), 4218–4247. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC008161
Chester, D. K., Degg, M., Duncan, A. M., & Guest, J. E. (2000). The increasing exposure of cities to the effects of volcanic eruptions: A global survey. Environmental Hazards, 2(3), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2000.0214
Department of Water Resources and Construction Development West Sumatera Province. (2024). Government Agency Performance Accountability Report of Department of Water Resources and Construction Development West Sumatera Province.
East, A. E., Logan, J. B., Mastin, M. C., Ritchie, A. C., Bountry, J. A., Magirl, C. S., & Sankey, J. B. (2018). Geomorphic Evolution of a Gravel-Bed River Under Sediment-Starved Versus Sediment-Rich Conditions: River Response to the World’s Largest Dam Removal. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 123(12), 3338–3369. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004703
Fathani, T. F., Wilopo, W., Amalina, A. N., & Pramaditya, A. (2022). Debris Flow Hazard Analysis Toward The Implementation of Mitigation Measures. International Journal of GEOMATE, 23(95), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.21660/2022.95.3208
Fiantis, D., Gusnidar, Malone, B., Pallasser, R., Van Ranst, E., & Minasny, B. (2017). Geochemical fingerprinting of volcanic soils used for wetland rice in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Geoderma Regional, 10, 48–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2017.04.004
Gibson, S., Moura, L. Z., Ackerman, C., Ortman, N., Amorim, R., Floyd, I., Eom, M., Creech, C., & Sánchez, A. (2022). Prototype Scale Evaluation of Non-Newtonian Algorithms in HEC-RAS: Mud and Debris Flow Case Studies of Santa Barbara and Brumadinho. Geosciences (Switzerland), 12(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12030134
Hadiranti, Sembodo, P., Soeharno, A. W. H., Prasetyo, A., Nugroho, E. O., & Putranto, A. E. (2024). The Prediction of Debris Flow Based on Eruption and Rainfall Event for River Infrastructure Mitigation: Study Case Opak River, Sleman Regency. E3S Web of Conferences, 500. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450002015
Horiguchi, T., & Richefeu, V. (2020). Post-analysis simulation of the collapse of an open sabo dam of steel pipes subjected to boulder laden debris flow. International Journal of Sediment Research, 35(6), 621–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2020.05.002
Iguchi, M. (2019). Proposal of estimation method for debris flow potential considering eruptive activity. Journal of Disaster Research, 14(1), 126–134. https://doi.org/10.20965/JDR.2019.P0126
Ikhsan, J., Assabiqi, S. M., Harsanto, P., & Nursetiawan. (2020). Evaluation of infrastructures and riparian area toward the potency of debris flow effect in Putih river watershed, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 426(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/426/1/012009
Ismail, T., Harlan, D., & Moerwanto, A. S. (2024). Comparison of River Stability using 2D HEC-RAS Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Flow Modelling (Case Study: Design of Sabo Dam in the Namo River Basin, Sigi Regency, Indonesia). E3S Web of Conferences, 500. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450003035
Kim, N., Nakagawa, H., Kawaike, K., & Zhang, H. (2019). Estimation of debris flow discharge coefficient considering sediment concentration. International Journal of Sediment Research, 34(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2018.05.003
Kim, Y., Nakagawa, H., Kawaike, K., & Zhang, H. (2017). Study on hydraulic characteristics of sabo dam with a flap structure for debris flow. International Journal of Sediment Research, 32(3), 452–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2017.05.001
Lee, S., An, H., & Kim, M. (2023). Analysis of mitigation effect of the open- and closed-type check dam. E3S Web of Conferences, 415. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341506011
Lyu, G., Hirooka, A., & Kiyokuni, H. (2024). Centrifuge Experiment on Capture Performance of Open?Type Sabo Dam with Its Numerical Analysis. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2024(1). https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5506896
Major, J. J., Zheng, S., Mosbrucker, A. R., Spicer, K. R., Christianson, T., & Thorne, C. R. (2019). Multidecadal Geomorphic Evolution of a Profoundly Disturbed Gravel Bed River System—A Complex, Nonlinear Response and Its Impact on Sediment Delivery. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 124(5), 1281–1309. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004843
Malik, R., Pallu, M. S., Thaha, M. A., & Hatta, M. P. (2020). Evaluation on sabo dam construction planning Matakabo River at East Seram island. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 419(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/419/1/012119
Michellier, C., Kervyn, M., Barette, F., Muhindo Syavulisembo, A., Kimanuka, C., Kulimushi Mataboro, S., Hage, F., Wolff, E., & Kervyn, F. (2020). Evaluating population vulnerability to volcanic risk in a data scarcity context: The case of Goma city, Virunga volcanic province (DRCongo). International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101460
Miyahara, Y., Horiguchi, T., & Komatsu, Y. (2023). Influence of approach shape of debris flow on impact load subjected to open Sabo dam under an overturning experiment of open Sabo dam. E3S Web of Conferences, 415. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341502013
Mizuyama, T. (2008). Structural Countermeasures for Debris Flow Disasters. In International Journal of Erosion Control Engineering (Vol. 1, Issue 2).
Nugraha, A. L., Hani’Ah, Firdaus, H. S., & Haeriah, S. (2019). Analysis of Risk Assessment of Mount Merapi Eruption in Settlement Area of Sleman Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 313(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/313/1/012003
Oldfield, J., & Stevenson, A. (2024). After the fire: An ecological, phenomenological exploration of resilience-building following the Fuego volcanic eruption in Guatemala. American Journal of Community Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12748
Piton, G., Carladous, S., Marco, O., Richard, D., Liebault, F., Recking, A., Queffelean, Y., & Tacnet, J. M. (2019). Using check dams and open check dams in torrent control: Origin, state of the art and perspectives. Houille Blanche, 2019-January(1), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2019008
Poland, M. P., & Anderson, K. R. (2020). Partly Cloudy with a Chance of Lava Flows: Forecasting Volcanic Eruptions in the Twenty-First Century. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 125(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016974
Prabowo, A. R., Dwicahyani, A. R., Jauhari, W. A., Aisyati, A., & Laksono, P. W. (2017). Development and application of humanistic logistics models for optimizing location-allocation problem solutions to volcanic eruption disaster (Case study: Volcanic eruption of Mount Merapi, Indonesia). Cogent Engineering, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1360541
Pramesthi, Z. Y., Harlan, D., & Irianto, E. W. (2024). Modeling of 2D Hec-Ras Simulation on Debris Flow Analysis on Morphological Changes of the Omu River, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. E3S Web of Conferences, 500. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450003041
Purwaningsih, E., Liusti, S. A., Ramadhan, R., & Nasution, A. F. R. (2024). The Mount Marapi Eruption Disaster Evacuation Path Model Using A Local Wisdom Approach. International Journal of GEOMATE, 26(116), 64–71. https://doi.org/10.21660/2024.116.4353
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi. (2024). West Sumatra Mount Marapi Eruption Report.
Schmidt, J., Wieland, J., & Jensen, J. (2016). Optimizing a new flow diversion structure for the planned expanding of the spillway for the Malter Dam in Germany using a physical hydraulic model. 6th International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures: Hydraulic Structures and Water System Management, ISHS 2016, 370–379. https://doi.org/10.15142/T3220628160853
Sclafani, P., Nygaard, C., & Thorne, C. (2018). Applying geomorphological principles and engineering science to develop a phased Sediment Management Plan for Mount St Helens, Washington. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 43(5), 1088–1104. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4277
Takebayashi, H., Fujita, M., & Ohgushi, K. (2022). Numerical modeling of debris flows using basic equations in generalized curvilinear coordinate system and its application to debris flows in Kinryu River Basin in Saga City, Japan. Journal of Hydrology, 615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128636
Tingsanchali, T. (2012). Urban flood disaster management. Procedia Engineering, 32, 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.01.1233
Tsana, S., Ayuni, S. I., & Priyandianto, N. R. (2022). Spatial analysis of damage due to the eruption of Mount Kelud in February 2014: lessons learned for better regional planning. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 986(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/986/1/012064
Vagnon, F. (2020). Design of active debris flow mitigation measures: a comprehensive analysis of existing impact models. Landslides, 17(2), 313–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-019-01278-5
Vinogradova, T. A., & Vinogradov, A. Y. (2017). The experimental debris flows in the Chemolgan river basin. Natural Hazards, 88, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-2853-z
Wei, M., & Xu, J. (2024). Assessing road network resilience in disaster areas from a complex network perspective: A real-life case study from China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104167
Zeng, Q. L., Yue, Z. Q., Yang, Z. F., & Zhang, X. J. (2009). A case study of long-term field performance of check-dams in mitigation of soil erosion in Jiangjia stream, China. Environmental Geology, 58(4), 897–911. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1570-z