Factors That Influence Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions In The City Of Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v4i6.3578Keywords:
Factor, Influence, and Entrepreneurial Intention (EI)Abstract
This study analyzes the influence of the subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, personal attitudes, and entrepreneurship education on the emergence of entrepreneurial intentions among Surabaya city students. The research used a quantitative method with cross-sectional data. The research used a quantitative method with cross-sectional data. The data was collected through primary sources. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire which was distributed online via a Google form. The questionnaire was filled out by 224 active students studying in the city of Surabaya. SmartPLS 3 was used to process the data analysis using interval analysis levels. The findings revealed that Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) was impacted by Personal Attitude (PA), Self-Efficacy (SE), and Subjective Norm (SN). While Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) and Entrepreneurship Education (EE) do not affect Entrepreneurial Intention (EI), it is evident from the study's findings that other variables can have a significant impact on entrepreneurial aspirations. Thus, the government should not solely prioritize entrepreneurship education but should also consider other factors to foster the emergence of entrepreneurial intentions.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665–683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x
Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predictiing social behavior. Englewood Cliffs.
Al-Swidi, A., Huque, S. M. R., Hafeez, M. H., & Shariff, M. N. M. (2014). The role of subjective norms in theory of planned behavior in the context of organic food consumption. British Food Journal, 116(10), 1561–1580. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0105
Alshagawi, M., & Ghaleb, M. M. (2022). Entrepreneurial intentions of university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Innovation Science. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-05-2021-0083
Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American Psychologist, 44(9), 1175. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1175
Boon, J., Van der Klink, M., & Janssen, J. (2013). Fostering intrapreneurial competencies of employees in the education sector. International Journal of Training and Development, 17(3), 210–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12010
Boulton, C., & Turner, P. (2006). Mastering Business in Asia: Entrepreneurship. John Wiley & Sons.
Cabir Hakyemez, T., & Mardikyan, S. (2021). The interplay between institutional integration and self-efficacy in the academic performance of first-year university students: A multigroup approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100430. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100430
Costa, N., Neto, J. S., Oliveira, C., & Martins, E. (2022). Students Entrepreneurial Intention in Higher Education at ISLA - Instituto Politecnico de Gestao e Tecnologia. Procedia Computer Science, 204, 825–835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.08.100
Ding, L., & Jiang, C. (2023). The effect of perceived collective efficacy and self-efficacy on generation Z restaurant customers’ food waste reduction intentions. Journal of Global Responsibility. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGR-08-2022-0079
Esteves, P. C. L. (2013). Universidade Como Centro De Um Sistema Regional De Inovação: O Caso Do Campus Araranguá Da Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/116155
Ezeh, P. C., Nkamnebe, A. D., & Omodafe, U. P. (2020). Determinants of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates in a Muslim community. Management Research Review, 43(8), 1013–1030. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2018-0348
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (2014). SEM with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. In Algebra and Statistics (Vol. 47, Issue 3, pp. 138-145.).
Furadantin, N. R. (2018). Analisis Data Menggunakan Aplikasi SmartPLS v.3.2.7 2018. Academia (Accelerating the World’s Research), 1–8.
Ghazali, I., & Latan, H. (2015). Partial Least Squares; Konsep, tekhnik dan aplikasi menggunakan program Smart PLS 3.0. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Undip.
Gustav, H. (2021). Does gender balance in entrepreneurship education make a difference to prospective start-up behaviour?? https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-06-2021-0204
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., Black, W. C., &, & Anderson, R. E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119409137.ch4
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (Pls-Sem) Third Edition. In Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952. (Issue Mi).
Hasani, V., Zeqiri, J., Gagica, K., Gleason, K., & Ibraimi, S. (2023). Education and enterprising profile of young community: evidence from a transition country. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 17(2), 519–534. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-11-2021-0153
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Indonesia, B. P. S. (2021). Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia Agustus 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik, 11(84), 1–28.
Kavoura, A., Sakas, D. P., & Tomaras, P. (2017). Erratum to: Strategic Innovative Marketing. In Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics (Issue August 2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56288-9_72
Kemahasiswaan.ub.ac.id. (2021). Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha (PMW) 2021 – KEMAHASISWAAN. Kemahhasiswaan Universitas Brawijaya Malang. https://kemahasiswaan.ub.ac.id/program-mahasiswa-wirausaha-pmw-2021/
kemdikbud.go.id. (2023). Program Pembinaan Mahasiswa Wirausaha. Kemendikbud. https://www.kompasiana.com/zahrasyahidah/641fc17008a8b545567c0ab2/program-mahasiswa-wirausaha-pmw-unj-sebagai-pemberdayaan-mahasiswa-menuju-indonesia-emas-2045
Kemdikbud. (2021). Panduan Program Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Indonesia 2021. 45. https://dikti.kemdikbud.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Panduan-PKMI-2021-Final070221.pdf
Li, Z., & Liu, Y. (2011). Entrepreneurship education and employment performance An empirical study in Chinese university. 3(3), 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1108/17561391111166975
Lian, F., & Y, C. (2009). Development and Cross-Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617.
Liputan6.com. (2021). Rata-Rata Rasio Wirausaha di Negara Maju 12 Persen, Indonesia Baru 3,74 Persen - Bisnis Liputan6.com. In Liputan6.com. Liputan6. https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/4617800/rata-rata-rasio-wirausaha-di-negara-maju-12-persen-indonesia-baru-374-persen
Lüthje, C., & Franke, N. (2003). The “making” of an entrepreneur: Testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT. R and D Management, 33(2), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9310.00288
Marcellino, & Dewi, L. (2023). Pengaruh Attitude Toward Behavioral, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention. Performa: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Start-Up Bisnis, 8(1), 10–19.
Markman, G. D., Balkin, D. B., & Baron, R. A. (2002). Inventors and New Venture Formation: the Effects of General Self–Efficacy and Regretful Thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 149–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.00004
Muça, S., & Zeqiri, J. (2020). Purchase intention of customers towards luxury brands in North Macedonia: theory of planned behaviour approach. International Journal of Islamic Marketing and Branding, 5(2), 99–113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIMB.2020.111146
Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, L. T. P., Phan, H. T. T., & Vu, A. T. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurship Extracurricular Activities and Inspiration on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediator and Moderator Effect. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032174
Nugroho, J. L. E., & Darmasetiawan, N. K. (2019). Calyptra: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya Vol.7 No.2. Calyptra, 2(2), 1–12.
Nuseir, M. T., Basheer, M. F., & Aljumah, A. (2020). Antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions in smart city of Neom Saudi Arabia: Does the entrepreneurial education on artificial intelligence matter? Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1825041
Obrenovic, B., Du, J., Godini?, D., & Tsoy, D. (2022). Personality trait of conscientiousness impact on tacit knowledge sharing: the mediating effect of eagerness and subjective norm. Journal of Knowledge Management, 26(5), 1124–1163. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-01-2021-0066
Opesade, A. O., & Alade, F. I. (2021). Theory of planned behaviour factors and personality traits as determinants of the knowledge-sharing behaviour of pharmacists in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 53(1), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000620919783
Santos, F. J., Roomi, M. A., & Liñán, F. (2016). About Gender Differences and the Social Environment in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 49–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12129
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2020). Handbook of Market Research. In Handbook of Market Research (Issue July). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05542-8
Siaputra, H., & Isaac, E. (2020). Pengaruh Attitude, Subjective Norm, Dan Perceived Behavior Control Terhadap Purchase Intention Makanan Sehat Di Crunchaus Surabaya. Jurnal Manajemen Perhotelan, 6(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmp.6.1.9-18
Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D.
Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: Implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 31(3), 387–406. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00179.x
Wong, K. K.-K. (2013). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Techniques Using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1–32.
Yurtkoru, E. S., Ku?cu, Z. K., & Do?anay, A. (2014). Exploring the Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention on Turkish University Students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 841–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.093
Template
