Job Performance Pada Personel Militer Dari Sudut Pandang Theory Of Work Performance: Sebuah Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v6i4.8252Keywords:
Job Performance, Military Performance, Theory of Work PerformanceAbstract
Job performance pada personel militer merupakan topik yang kompleks dan unik, memerlukan pendekatan berbeda dibandingkan sektor sipil. Literature review ini menganalisis kinerja militer melalui lensa Theory of Work Performance (Borman & Motowidlo, 1993, 1997), dengan fokus pada dimensi task performance, contextual performance, dan adaptive performance. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa job performance di lingkungan militer tidak hanya bergantung pada kemampuan teknis (task performance), tetapi juga pada faktor sosial seperti kohesi tim, loyalitas, dan ketahanan psikologis (contextual performance), serta kemampuan beradaptasi dalam situasi dinamis (adaptive performance). Faktor individual (kepribadian, self-efficacy, kemampuan kognitif) dan kontekstual (lingkungan operasi, budaya organisasi) turut mempengaruhi kinerja personel militer secara signifikan. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam pengukuran kinerja militer, termasuk kompleksitas struktur hierarkis, bias dalam evaluasi, dan kebutuhan akan sistem penilaian yang lebih holistik. Implikasi teoritis dari kajian ini adalah perlunya modifikasi Theory of Work Performance agar lebih relevan dengan konteks militer, sementara implikasi praktisnya mencakup rekomendasi untuk pengembangan program pelatihan dan manajemen SDM yang menekankan kerja sama tim, kepemimpinan, dan adaptabilitas. Literature review ini menyoroti kesenjangan penelitian, seperti kurangnya studi empiris tentang dampak teknologi modern terhadap kinerja militer, serta perlunya pendekatan multidisiplin untuk memahami job performance dalam setting militer yang terus berkembang.
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